Description: This paper reviews and compares the Canadian and U.S. Social Security systems as to their adequacy, actuarial equity and progressiveness. It concludes that the Canadian system[s] provide larger minimum benefits and, thus, greater adequacy than the U. S. On the other hand, the analysis indicates more emphasis on actuarial equity in the U.S. system [in total] than in Canada. Finally, both systems are shown to be highly progressive in that lower-wage earners get larger benefits per dollar of contribution than do higher wage earners. The paper concludes by noting that while the systems in these two countries have remarkably different actuarial formulae for determining benefits, and remarkably different structures, that the benefits that result from the two systems are surprisingly similar. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1999, Vol. 1.

Description: This paper presents a stochastic model in continuous time to characterize the ultimate benefit to be derived by a group of similar workers from their career membership in pension plans. This characterization is in terms of termination rates, vesting rules, plan types and periods of employment. The employment termination pattern is represented by a renewal process and a reward function is introduced to unify different plan types. A number of basic functions are then deduced to represent termination benefits, retirement benefits and the loss due to delayed vesting. An analysis of these functions lead to a number of conclusions regarding the comparative effects of delayed vesting in different plans. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1981, Vol. 1.

Description: This paper explores the relationship between the Wealth Transfer Index, a statistic defined by Brown and Bilodeau 1997, and retirement age, which is the age at which the workers in an economy cease to be economically productive. There appears to be a strong positive correlation between the Wealth transfer Index and retirement age based on Canadian historical data.